Higher education in Romania*
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Higher education is organized in universities, academies of studies, institutes, schools of higher studies, hereinafter referred to as higher education institutions or universities, which have obtained provisional authorization to operate or accreditation.
Higher education institutions are education providers that carry out educational activities based on study programs authorized to operate provisionally/accredited under the law, for initial and continuous training at university level, programs that operate on the principle of quality and aligning the educational offer with the labor market.
The national higher education system includes all accredited higher education institutions. An institution of higher education authorized to operate provisionally, according to the legal procedures in force, becomes part of the national higher education system only after accreditation. For more information, you can also visit the website of the Romanian Agency for Quality Assurance in Higher Education - www.aracis.ro .
Higher education institutions can be public, private, or confessional. These institutions have legal personality, are non-profit, and non-political. Higher education institutions are legal entities under public law or, as the case may be, legal entities under private law and of public utility.
University autonomy is guaranteed by the Constitution. Academic freedom is guaranteed by law. Also, public responsibility is regulated for any higher education institution, public or private.
Through an annual government decision, the following are validated:
Nomenclature of the fields and of the university degree specializations/programs by union
the structure of public and private accredited or provisionally authorized higher education institutions, with:
- fields of bachelor’s university studies and accredited or provisionally authorized specializations/study programs,
- geographical locations,
- number of transferable study credits for each university study program,
- type of education and teaching language,
- maximum number of students who can be enrolled
The mission of higher education is to generate and transfer knowledge to society both through initial and continuous training at the university level, for the purposes of personal development, professional integration of the individual and satisfying the competence needs of the socioeconomic environment, as well as through scientific research, development, innovation and technology transfer, through individual and collective creation, in the field of sciences, engineering, arts, and letters, by ensuring performance and physical and sports development, as well as the valorization and dissemination of their results. All these are carried out with respect to the following principles:
a) the principle of university autonomy;
b) the principle of academic freedom;
c) the principle of public responsibility;
d) the principle of quality assurance;
e) the principle of equity;
f) the principle of managerial and financial efficiency;
g) the principle of transparency;
h) the principle of respecting the rights and freedoms of students and academic staff;
i) the principle of independence from ideologies, religions, and political doctrines;
j) the principle of national and international mobility freedom for students, teaching staff, and researchers;
k) the principle of consulting social partners in decision making;
l) the principle of student-centered education.
Structure of the university year (according to Law no. 1/2011 – art. 136)
The university year usually starts on the first working day of October, includes two semesters, and ends on September 30 of the following calendar year.
A semester usually lasts 14 weeks of teaching activities, followed, as a rule, by a minimum of 3 weeks of exams.
The structure of the university year is approved by the university senate.
When granting transferable study credits in a semester, a period of at least 17 weeks is considered.
The university senate of each higher education institution approves annually, at least 3 months before the start of the university year, the regulations regarding the professional activity of students, as well as the calendar of educational activities specific to the academic semesters of study.
*Details
Higher education is organized in universities, academies of studies, institutes, schools of higher studies, hereinafter referred to as higher education institutions or universities, which have obtained provisional authorization to operate or accreditation.
Higher education institutions are education providers that carry out educational activities based on study programs authorized to operate provisionally/accredited under the law, for initial and continuous training at university level, programs that operate on the principle of quality and aligning the educational offer with the labor market.
The national higher education system includes all accredited higher education institutions. An institution of higher education authorized to operate provisionally, according to the legal procedures in force, becomes part of the national higher education system only after accreditation. For more information, you can also visit the website of the Romanian Agency for Quality Assurance in Higher Education - www.aracis.ro .
Higher education institutions can be public, private, or confessional. These institutions have legal personality, are non-profit, and non-political. Higher education institutions are legal entities under public law or, as the case may be, legal entities under private law and of public utility.
University autonomy is guaranteed by the Constitution. Academic freedom is guaranteed by law. Also, public responsibility is regulated for any higher education institution, public or private.
Through an annual government decision, the following are validated:
Nomenclature of the fields and of the university degree specializations/programs by union
the structure of public and private accredited or provisionally authorized higher education institutions, with:
- fields of bachelor’s university studies and accredited or provisionally authorized specializations/study programs,
- geographical locations,
- number of transferable study credits for each university study program,
- type of education and teaching language,
- maximum number of students who can be enrolled
The mission of higher education is to generate and transfer knowledge to society both through initial and continuous training at the university level, for the purposes of personal development, professional integration of the individual and satisfying the competence needs of the socioeconomic environment, as well as through scientific research, development, innovation and technology transfer, through individual and collective creation, in the field of sciences, engineering, arts, and letters, by ensuring performance and physical and sports development, as well as the valorization and dissemination of their results. All these are carried out with respect to the following principles:
a) the principle of university autonomy;
b) the principle of academic freedom;
c) the principle of public responsibility;
d) the principle of quality assurance;
e) the principle of equity;
f) the principle of managerial and financial efficiency;
g) the principle of transparency;
h) the principle of respecting the rights and freedoms of students and academic staff;
i) the principle of independence from ideologies, religions, and political doctrines;
j) the principle of national and international mobility freedom for students, teaching staff, and researchers;
k) the principle of consulting social partners in decision making;
l) the principle of student-centered education.
Structure of the university year (according to Law no. 1/2011 – art. 136)
The university year usually starts on the first working day of October, includes two semesters, and ends on September 30 of the following calendar year.
A semester usually lasts 14 weeks of teaching activities, followed, as a rule, by a minimum of 3 weeks of exams.
The structure of the university year is approved by the university senate.
When granting transferable study credits in a semester, a period of at least 17 weeks is considered.
The university senate of each higher education institution approves annually, at least 3 months before the start of the university year, the regulations regarding the professional activity of students, as well as the calendar of educational activities specific to the academic semesters of study.
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Deadlines
Resolution time:
20
Calendar days
Case filling duration:
5
Calendar days
Notification deadline:
5
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Legislation
- Law number
615
dated year
2017
DECISION No. 615/2017 of August 30, 2017 for the amendment and completion of Government Decision No. 140/2017 regarding the approval of the List of fields and specializations/programs of university studies and the structure of higher education institutions for the academic year 2017 - 2018*
- Law number
692
dated year
2018
DECISION No. 692/2018 of September 5, 2018 for the amendment and completion of Government Decision No. 158/2018 regarding the approval of the Nomenclature of fields and specializations/programs of university studies and the structure of higher education institutions for the academic year 2018 - 2019*
- Law number
3062
dated year
2018
ORDER No. 3062/2018 of January 16, 2018 regarding the amendment of Article 13 from the annex to the Order of the Minister of National Education and Scientific Research No. 6.102/2016 for the approval of the Framework Methodology regarding the organization of admission to undergraduate, master's, and doctoral study cycles*
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In the event of a dispute between the beneficiary and the competent authority, the provisions of common law are applicable.
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Last updated:
22 April 2026
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Publicat de către:
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a particular point or idea. Paragraphs are usually an expected part of
formal writing, used to organize longer prose.
Bihor County School Inspectorate*
*Content marked with an asterisk (*) has been automatically translated and may not fully reflect the original meaning. For objective interpretation, please consult the Romanian version.
Str. Mihai Eminescu Nr.11
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0259 470 222
Email:
contact@isjbihor.ro
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ISJ Bihor
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