Alba County School Inspectorate*

Teaching and Research Titles

Employment for a teaching or research position within higher education institutions is done on a fixed-term or permanent basis. Indefinite-term employment in any teaching or research position is possible only through a public competition organized by the higher education institution, after obtaining the doctoral degree. See also HG_457_2011 (annex 8).

Only persons who meet the minimum and mandatory standards for registration for the competition to fill teaching and research positions in higher education, approved by Order no. 6560/2012 regarding the approval of the minimum necessary and mandatory standards for the conferring of teaching titles in higher education and professional research and development degrees, with subsequent amendments and additions (annex 9), may apply for teaching and research positions in higher education.

The following teaching and research positions are found in higher education institutions:

- Teaching positions:

a) university assistant;

b) university lecturer/laboratory supervisor;

c) university associate professor;

d) university professor.

- Research positions:

a) research assistant;

b) scientific researcher;

c) scientific researcher grade III;

d) scientific researcher grade II;

e) scientific researcher grade I.

The equivalency of research positions with teaching positions is as follows:

a) scientific researcher is equivalent to university assistant for persons who hold a doctoral degree;

b) scientific researcher grade III is equivalent to university lecturer/laboratory supervisor;

c) scientific researcher grade II is equivalent to university associate professor;

d) scientific researcher grade I is equivalent to university professor.

The general nomenclature of auxiliary teaching and research positions in higher education is approved by the Joint Order (MENCS/MMFPSPV) no. 6419/2858/2011 (annex 10).

Higher education institutions with available positions can be found here: www.jobs.edu.ro

Educational incentives are granted to children from disadvantaged families, provided that the following criteria are cumulatively met:

a) the child is enrolled in a preschool educational institution, according to LEN no. 1/2011, with subsequent amendments and completions;

b) the monthly income per family member is up to twice the minimum guaranteed income for a single person, as stipulated by Law no. 416/2001 regarding the minimum guaranteed income, with subsequent amendments and completions.

Law no. 248/2015 regarding the stimulation of participation in preschool education of children from disadvantaged families; Government Decision No. 15/2016 for the approval of the Methodological Norms for the application of the provisions of Law no. 248/2015 regarding the stimulation of participation in preschool education of children from disadvantaged families and the procedure for granting social vouchers for kindergarten.

In the case of incorrect completion due to the fault of the educational institution issuing the original study document or in the case of presenting the original study document, which is damaged to such an extent that it can no longer produce the effects for which it was issued, based on a written request from the applicant, the educational institution that issued the document will issue a duplicate, prepared based on the documents in the archive of the educational institution, from which the applicant’s academic situation results.

In the case of loss, destruction, or theft of the original study document, the request for the issuance of the duplicate is accompanied by the following documents, which are archived with a retention period of 100 years at the school inspectorate, and certified copies "according to the original" at the educational institution:

a) notarial/consular declaration, given by the document holder, which includes all necessary elements for identification, the circumstances in which the original document was lost, as well as other specifications that confirm the disappearance of the respective study document. The following mention is mandatory: "the original study document was not left as collateral/guarantee at a state or private institution, in the country or abroad, and was not knowingly transferred to another individual or legal entity";

b) proof of publication of the loss, destruction, or theft of the study document in the Official Gazette of Romania, Part III;

c) notarized copy of the birth/marriage certificate;

d) two color photographs, size 3 x 4 cm;

e) written approval from the board of directors of the school inspectorate for issuing the duplicate, following the documents submitted by the educational institution.

For more details please consult:

ORDER No. 3844/2016 of May 24, 2016 for the approval of the Regulation regarding the regime of study documents and school documents managed by pre-university educational institutions

The "Professional Scholarship" is a national social program addressed to all students attending vocational education and consists of a monthly financial support.

The "Professional Scholarship" is also available to children of foreigners who are beneficiaries of a form of protection in Romania, or to foreigners, respectively citizens of the European Union/the European Economic Area and the Swiss Confederation with the right of residence on Romanian territory, who are attending vocational education.

Students in vocational education cannot simultaneously benefit from the "Professional Scholarship" and the financial support granted to students within the National Social Protection Program "High School Money".

At the level of the Ministry of Education, a national commission is established to monitor the awarding of the "Professional Scholarship".

The Ministry of Education has been running the national social protection program "High School Money" for over 12 years, through which it provides financial support for students in high schools and art and vocational schools.

For students who wish to obtain this financial support, we have launched the High School Money portal, which, together with the discussion forum dedicated to this national program, represents an efficient means of information.

The beneficiaries are students who are supported by families whose gross monthly income per family member, earned in the last 3 months prior to submitting the application, is a maximum of 500 lei, as well as students who benefit from a protective measure or are under guardianship or curatorship provided they meet the above income condition.

The documents shall be submitted as copies, provided that, when submitting the application, the applicant also presents the original documents.

IMPORTANT!

By adopting Government Decision 712/2018 (attached), starting with the 2018-2019 school year, each beneficiary shall receive monthly, for the entire duration of the courses, provided all the legal requirements are met, the amount of 250 lei/month.
In addition to the indexation of this amount (from 180 lei/month), the maximum grant threshold has also been increased from 150 lei to 500 lei/family member, given the need to correlate the support threshold with the current economic situation.

This procedure regulates the manner of organizing and conducting the linguistic competence test for admission to the 5th grade with an intensive program of teaching a modern international language, at the level of state or private pre-university education units in Romania, based on the provisions of Art. 6 (2) and (3) of the Framework Regulation for organizing and functioning classes with intensive or bilingual teaching of a modern language in pre-university education units, approved by OMEN no. 4797/31.08.2017.

The "School after school" program (ȘDȘ) is a program complementary to the mandatory school program, which offers opportunities for formal and non-formal learning, for strengthening competencies, remedial learning and acceleration of learning through educational, recreational, and leisure activities, and is addressed to both primary and secondary school students.

The SDS program can take place before or after the mandatory school program (depending on the schedule of each level of study), at the schools, if they have the material and human resources necessary to organize this program.

In primary education, the SDS program includes activities with specialized support (supervision and guidance in doing homework, remediation for students with cognitive, emotional difficulties, speech disorders through remedial activities, counseling, speech therapy, activities to encourage independent reading, etc.), workshops / thematic activities, and other recreational activities.

Each school, depending on the target group, creates modules of activity packages by combining the activities mentioned above.

In secondary education, the SDS program includes the activity package for accelerated learning and performance (preparing for participation in competitions and school olympiads, sports, artistic, subject-based contests, participation/organization of festivals, exhibitions, creation of school publications, participation in European cooperation activities), the support activity package (providing psycho-pedagogical assistance for recovering gaps in learning, support activities for homework, remedial activities, psychological counseling) and the life preparation package (organizing activities for personal development, activities aimed at developing an active attitude and student involvement, healthy lifestyle, career education, etc.).

The program can be organized in a modular way, over time units established at the level of the educational institution depending on the target group and identified needs, by combining packages of activities oriented towards the development of transferable competences.

The program is carried out in groups of students (maximum 12 students), formed according to identified options and needs. The activities are planned, organized, and supported by teaching staff from primary and secondary education, counselors, support teachers, librarians, speech therapists, laboratory technicians, pedagogues, coaches, school mediators, volunteers from the school, institutions and authorized partner organizations.

The “Second Chance” program is aimed at teenagers, young people, and adults from various social backgrounds and of different ages who have not attended or completed primary and lower secondary education. The program offers these categories of people the opportunity to continue and complete compulsory education without having to interrupt their possible professional or family activities in which they are engaged.

For the Second Chance – primary education program:

• they have not participated at all in formal – school – education;
• they were enrolled but dropped out of primary education – regardless of the moment and reasons for dropping out;
• they did not graduate from primary education by the age of 14.

For the Second Chance – lower secondary education program:

• they have completed compulsory primary education (including in the Second Chance system) but did not continue their education further

or:

• they have completed part of the lower secondary grades (V, VI, or VII), but dropped out during this educational cycle – regardless of the moment and reasons for dropping out.

The Second Chance program is a flexible program, so as to motivate learners and determine them to complete it, to offer schools more autonomy in implementing it, as well as the necessary support for all involved through training programs for teaching staff and educational materials for learners and teachers. Through the program, innovative elements have been introduced in the educational process, such as: modular curriculum and a credit system for basic education, evaluation, certification, and recognition of competences previously acquired by learners, and ensuring an individualized training program.

Enrollment in the Second Chance program can be done each year, in two sessions: October and February.

Students enrolled in the program may have very different levels and expectations. The new program provides a transparent offer of modules that students can follow in order to acquire competences, as a result of participation in cooperative learning activities, in real contexts, with tasks and topics that respond to their interests and needs.

Learning will take place in small groups (8-15 students per class). Courses may take place according to several timetable options (on weekdays in the afternoon or evening, on Saturdays, or during school vacations, etc.) depending on the availability of the learners and teaching staff. Hours are planned for individual consultations available to students.

The program has a flexible duration. The average schooling duration (2 years for primary education, and 4 years for lower secondary education, respectively) can be shortened for each student, depending on the competences demonstrated, both in basic education and in vocational training.

Graduates have the right to continue their studies, according to the provisions of the law, as follows:

Graduates of the Second Chance Program – primary education can pursue studies in lower secondary education;

Graduates of the Second Chance Program – lower secondary education can pursue studies in upper secondary education (upper cycle of high school) or take practical training stages, after which they have the possibility to also obtain a level 3 vocational qualification certificate.

For young people in the program, the graduation certificate will not only represent a personal success, but the chance for another tomorrow.

Special and special integrated education is an integral part of the Romanian national education system and offers all children/students/young people educational programs adapted to their degree of disability and developmental needs.

It is organized at all levels of pre-university education, depending on the type and degree of disability, as follows: intellectual, hearing, visual, motor, associated.

Inclusive education was adopted in Romania as early as the 1990s by respecting diversity, initiating and practically achieving access and participation in education and social life for all categories of children. Today, approximately half of students with disabilities are educated in mainstream education.

The legislation in the field of special education was designed to address a broad and very varied spectrum of special situations. Taking this reality into account, special, specially integrated, and inclusive education has been organized at all levels of pre-university education, depending on the type and degree of disability.

Special education units for students with sensory disabilities apply the curriculum of mainstream schools. These units only retain the structure and form of organization of the special education system, and in content, school preparation, and specialization they are similar to mainstream schools. Special technological high schools, high school classes, and special post-secondary classes are organized according to the model of mainstream schools (content, profiles, specializations, outcomes, objectives and/or competencies). Specific to these units remain the strategies, modalities, and teaching/learning methods.

Upon graduation, students from these special education units take national exams (tests, baccalaureate, or graduation exam) just like all graduates from mainstream education. Facilities and adaptations in the methodologies for organizing and conducting exams are stipulated for them.

For each student with severe, profound, or associated disabilities, a personalized intervention plan is developed with specific objectives tailored to their needs and psycho-individual development possibilities.

Students with special educational needs benefit from adaptations of examination procedures also in the case of regular evaluations.

This methodology includes rules for the organization and conduct of the certification exam for graduates of high school education, technological stream, hereinafter referred to as the certification exam, for obtaining the qualification certificate, in accordance with art. 31 para. (6) and art. 77 para. (6) and (7) of the National Education Law no. 1/2011, with subsequent amendments and additions.

Graduates of high school education, technological stream, who take and pass the certification exam obtain a level 4 qualification certificate, according to the National Qualifications Framework, and the descriptive supplement of the certificate, in Europass format.

The national Baccalaureate exam 2018 is conducted in accordance with the provisions of the Methodology for organizing and conducting the Baccalaureate exam - 2011 (approved by the order of the Minister of Education, Research, Youth and Sports no. 4.799/2010 regarding the organization and conducting of the Baccalaureate exam - 2011, with subsequent amendments), and with the provisions of the attached ministerial order.

The dedicated portal http://bacalaureat.edu.ro offers updated information regarding the methodology, calendar, and results of the Baccalaureate exam.

Enrollment in primary education is based on a methodology approved by the Ministry of Education.

Thus, children who turn 6 years old by August 31, 2018, inclusive, must be enrolled in preparatory class, according to the Education Law.

Parents must go to the school inspectorates and educational units, which are required to provide information and counseling regarding enrollment.

Lists with school districts must be posted at the headquarters of inspectorates and educational units, and parents must be informed about the content of educational activities carried out in the preparatory class, the teaching approach, the organization of the school schedule, etc.

Children who turn 6 years old between September 1 and December 31, 2018, inclusive, can be enrolled if their psychosomatic development is appropriate.

All educational units are required to provide information on the procedure for enrolling children in primary education, whether or not the parents belong to the respective school district.

Higher education is organized in universities, academies of studies, institutes, schools of higher studies, hereinafter referred to as higher education institutions or universities, which have obtained provisional functioning authorization or accreditation.

Higher education institutions are educational providers that carry out educational activities based on programs of study authorized to operate provisionally/accredited under the law, initial and continuous training at university level, programs that operate on the principle of quality and the correlation of the educational offer with the labor market.

The national higher education system includes all accredited higher education institutions. A higher education institution authorized to operate provisionally, according to the legal procedures in force, becomes part of the national higher education system only after accreditation. For more information, you can also access the website of the Romanian Agency for Quality Assurance in Higher Education - www.aracis.ro .

Higher education institutions can be public, private, or confessional. These institutions have legal personality, are non-profit, and are apolitical. Higher education institutions are legal entities of public law or, as the case may be, legal entities of private law and of public utility.

University autonomy is guaranteed by the Constitution. Academic freedom is guaranteed by law. Also, public accountability is regulated for any higher education institution, public or private.

By an annual government decision, the following are validated:

• The nomenclature of university study fields and specializations/programs per year
• the structure of accredited public and private higher education institutions or authorized to operate provisionally, with:
  • fields of undergraduate studies and specializations/programs of study accredited or authorized to operate provisionally,
  • geographical locations,
  • number of transferable study credits for each university study program,
  • form of education and language of instruction,
  • maximum number of students that can be enrolled

The mission of higher education is to generate and transfer knowledge to society both through initial and continuous university-level training, for the purpose of personal development, individual professional integration, and meeting the competence needs of the socioeconomic environment, as well as through scientific research, development, innovation and technology transfer, through individual and collective creation in the fields of sciences, engineering sciences, arts, and humanities, by ensuring performance and physical and sports development, as well as the valorization and dissemination of their results. All these are carried out in compliance with the following principles:

a) the principle of university autonomy;

b) the principle of academic freedom;

c) the principle of public accountability;

d) the principle of quality assurance;

e) the principle of equity;

f) the principle of managerial and financial efficiency;

g) the principle of transparency;

h) the principle of respecting the rights and freedoms of students and academic staff;

i) the principle of independence from ideologies, religions, and political doctrines;

j) the principle of national and international mobility freedom for students, teaching staff, and researchers;

k) the principle of consulting social partners in decision-making;

l) the principle of student-centered education.

Structure of the academic year (according to Law no. 1/2011 – art. 136)

• The academic year generally starts on the first working day of October, includes two semesters, and ends on September 30th of the following calendar year.
• A semester generally has a duration of 14 weeks of teaching activities usually followed by at least 3 weeks of exams.
• The structure of the academic year is approved by the university senate.
• When assigning transferable study credits for a semester, a period of at least 17 weeks is considered.
• The university senate of each higher education institution approves annually, at least 3 months before the start of the academic year, the regulations regarding the students' professional activity as well as the calendar of educational activities specific to academic study semesters.

I. PRE-UNIVERSITY EDUCATION:

The methodology for schooling Romanians from everywhere in the state pre-university education system in Romania on study places without tuition fees, but with scholarship, or without tuition fees and without scholarship, starting with the 2017-2018 school year

1. Pre-university registration form 2018-2019​

2. Pre-university education places offer 2018-2019

Both the registration form and the offer of places in pre-university education will also be published on the website of the Iasi County School Inspectorate: http://www.isjiasi.ro

3. The files will be sent to the Iasi County School Inspectorate, according to the schedule;

4. Additional information can be obtained from the Iasi County School Inspectorate.

II. HIGHER EDUCATION:​

1. In the 2018 - 2019 academic year, Romanian state higher education institutions organize the admission contest for Romanians from everywhere, including citizens of the Republic of Moldova, for bachelor's/master's/doctoral studies, based on university autonomy, similar to the previous year, according to the provisions of the methodology for schooling in higher education;

2. Candidates will be able to choose any field of study and any state higher education institution in Romania or, in the case of candidates from the Republic of Moldova, within the extensions opened by Romanian universities in Chișinău, Cahul, and Bălți;

3. To ensure compliance with the deadline established by the higher education institutions, we recommend the exclusive submission of application files to the universities, to avoid delays in processing if they are sent through other channels;

4. Enrollment in accredited state and private higher education in Romania, on tuition-paid places in lei, is done based on the provisions of MEN Order no. 4294/29.06.2017;

5. Additional information regarding admission to universities in Romania can be obtained by accessing the links of each higher education institution in the information document attached to this procedure.

The National Evaluation for 8th grade students represents the external summative evaluation method of the skills acquired during lower secondary education.

The exam takes place annually, in a single session. Both candidates from state education and those from private education have the right to take NE free of charge.

The average obtained at NE VIII is a decisive criterion for admission to high school education.

National-level coordination of the planning, organization, and conduct of NE VIII, as well as the valorization of its results, is ensured by the Ministry of Education through the National Center for Evaluation and Examination (CNEE).

The development of specific evaluation procedures is carried out by CNEE, following consultation with the ministry’s specialized departments.

County/Bucharest municipality-level coordination of the organization of NE VIII, as well as the valorization of its results, is ensured by the school inspectorate.

In order to encourage school attendance, in 2002 the School Supplies Program was launched, which targets students in public education, primary and secondary, full-time courses. At the beginning of each school year, packages with school supplies specific to each class are distributed.

The composition of the school supplies packages granted to students is established based on the Methodology for applying the provisions of Law no. 126/2002 for the approval of Government Emergency Ordinance no. 33/2001 regarding the granting of school supplies.

Funding request submitted by the Ministry of National Education, at the beginning of September 2017, through the Operational Program for Aid to Disadvantaged Persons (POAD) 2014-2020, was approved. The decision allows, starting with this school year, the purchase of supplies for preschoolers, as well as the supplementation with backpacks of the supplies packages granted to students in primary and secondary school.

1. Enrollment in pre-university education

1.1. Admission conditions

1.1.1. Students from non-EU states can be enrolled in pre-university education in Romania if one of the parents, guardians, or legal supporters falls under one of the following situations:

is repatriated;
has, through marriage, domicile in Romania;
is the holder of a residence permit in Romania;
carries out, according to legal provisions, activities on the territory of Romania;
is studying at state/private accredited higher education or postgraduate institutions in Romania.

1.2. Application file

1.2.1. The student’s file is sent to MEN – General Directorate for International Relations and European Affairs (DGRIAE), by the County School Inspectorate/the Bucharest School Inspectorate in whose area is functioning the chosen educational institution, and contains the following documents:

Copies of identification documents of the student and of the parents/guardian/legal supporter (student's birth certificate, student’s passport, parents' passport, student’s residence permit, parents' residence permit, if held);
Certified copy and legalized translation of the student’s birth certificate;
Copy of the court decision regarding the entrustment of the minor child, if applicable;
Certified copies and legalized translations of school records;
Application for study enrollment, endorsed by the management of the educational institution where the enrollment will occur.

1.3. Enrollment in studies

1.3.1. Enrollment is carried out based on the approval issued by MEN – DGRIAE, based on the educational documents in the personal file, without equivalency exams.

1.3.2. The enrollment of students from non-EU states, based on periods of study undertaken abroad, proven by school records, can also be carried out during the school year, in accordance with the provisions of the Regulation on the organization and functioning of pre-university educational institutions, approved by the order of the Minister of National Education no. 5115/2014

1.3.3. At the request of the parents/guardian, the student can also be enrolled in a class lower than the level of studies resulting from the documents.

1.4. Tuition fees

1.4.1. In compulsory education, foreign students benefit from schooling under the same conditions as Romanian nationals.

1.4.2. In upper secondary high school education, students from non-EU states pay tuition fees, in accordance with the provisions of Law no. 1/2011.

1.4.3. In pre-university education of all levels, foreign citizens who have obtained a form of protection in Romania may be schooled under the same conditions as Romanian citizens. The class in which students in this category who do not hold educational documents can be enrolled will be determined following an assessment made by the school unit appointed by the County School Inspectorate/the Bucharest School Inspectorate.

2. Taking the baccalaureate exam by citizens from non-EU states who have completed high school studies in another education system and do not hold a baccalaureate diploma or its equivalent

2.1. Citizens from non-EU states who have completed high school studies in another education system and do not hold a baccalaureate diploma or its equivalent may, upon request, take the national baccalaureate exam, depending on the profile of the completed pre-university studies, in an examination center established by the County Baccalaureate Commission/Bucharest Municipality.

2.2. Taking the national baccalaureate exam by citizens from non-EU states who have completed high school studies in another education system and do not hold a baccalaureate diploma or its equivalent is conditional upon payment of the tuition fee, according to the provisions of Law no. 1/2011.

The admission of eighth grade graduates to state high school education for the 2018-2019 school year is carried out according to the regulatory framework approved by the Ministry of Education.

The admission of eighth grade graduates to state high school education for the 2018-2019 school year is carried out in accordance with the methodology for organizing and conducting admission to state high school education for the 2011-2012 school year, approved by the Order of the Minister of Education, Research, Youth and Sports no. 4.802/2010 regarding the organization and conduct of admission to state high school education for the 2011-2012 school year.

Aptitude tests organized for admission to vocational high schools in the 2018-2019 school year are conducted in accordance with the methodology for organizing and conducting and the structure of aptitude tests for admission to vocational high schools, provided in annex no. 3 to the order of the Minister of National Education no. 4.432/2014, with subsequent amendments.

Candidates who, during secondary education, pass internationally recognized exams for certifying language skills in foreign languages may request recognition and equivalence of the results obtained in these exams with the test for verifying modern language knowledge for admission to ninth grade classes with bilingual programs teaching a modern language of international circulation.

The Ministry of National Education informs that, in order to enroll children aged between 3 and 6 in preschool education, the following stages will take place successively at the level of each educational unit:

• re-enrollment of children who are attending kindergarten this school year and wish to attend it in the 2018-2019 school year as well – will start on May 7;
• enrollment of new children will take place starting May 21.

The schedule for re-enrollments and enrollments will be set by the management of the educational unit and will be posted, in a visible place, in each kindergarten, to inform parents and interested public, including on the website (if available), and possibly on the websites of school inspectorates.

The occupancy of free spots, after the re-enrollment process, will usually be done in descending order of age groups, as follows: large group (5-year-old children), middle group (4-year-old children), and small group (3-year-old children). Based on Government Decision no. 1.252/2012 and within the limits of available spots, children aged between 2 and 3 may also be enrolled in the small group.

If, in an educational unit, the number of enrollment requests is higher than the number of available spots, general tie-breaking criteria and specific tie-breaking criteria will be successively applied.

The general tie-breaking criteria are the following:

• the existence of a document proving that a child is orphaned of both parents (the situation of children coming from an orphanage/a placement center/family placement is assimilated to the situation of orphaned children of both parents);
• the existence of a document proving that the child is orphaned of one parent;
• the existence of a brother/sister enrolled in the respective educational unit;
• the existence of a medical certificate certifying the child’s degree of disability.

The specific tie-breaking criteria (developed by each preschool educational unit, approved by its Board of Administration and endorsed by the County School Inspectorate or that of the municipality of Bucharest by May 18) cannot be discriminatory and cannot include pre-enrollment lists. Also, specific tie-breaking criteria will be applied only after exhausting the general criteria.

To ensure transparency of the re-enrollment/enrollment process, the management of preschool educational units will display, in a visible place, for all interested, the following information:

• the capacity of the institution (number of children it was designed for);
• the number of spots approved by the schooling plan for the 2018-2019 school year (by age groups: small, middle, large);
• the general and specific criteria for children’s enrollment;
• the number of children re-enrolled/enrolled daily (during the set period) out of the total available.

We mention that private preschool educational units also have the obligation to display, in a visible place, information regarding their status, namely if they are authorized to operate provisionally or are accredited by the Agency for Quality Assurance in Pre-University Education (ARACIP).

The admission of 8th grade graduates to state high school education for the 2018-2019 school year takes place according to the regulatory framework approved by the Ministry of Education.

The admission of 8th grade graduates to state high school education for the 2018-2019 school year takes place in accordance with the methodology for the organization and conduct of admissions to state high schools for the 2011-2012 school year, approved by the order of the minister of education, research, youth and sports no. 4.802/2010 regarding the organization and conduct of admissions to state high schools for the 2011-2012 school year.

The aptitude tests organized for admissions in the 2018-2019 school year in vocational high schools are conducted in accordance with the methodology for the organization and conduct and structure of aptitude tests for admission to vocational high schools, provided in annex no. 3 to the order of the Minister of National Education no. 4.432/2014, with subsequent amendments.

The admission of 8th grade graduates to state vocational education for the 2018-2019 school year is conducted in accordance with the Methodology for the organization and conduct of admissions to state vocational education, approved by Order of the Minister of National Education and Scientific Research no. 5.068/2016.

The admission of 8th grade graduates to dual vocational education for the 2018-2019 school year is conducted in accordance with the framework methodology for the organization and conduct of admissions to dual vocational education for level 3 professional qualifications, according to the National Qualifications Framework, approved by the order of the Minister of National Education no. 3.556/2017.

Candidates who pass, during middle school education, exams with international recognition for the certification of language skills in foreign languages can request recognition and equivalence of the results obtained in these exams with the test for knowledge of modern languages for admission to the 9th grade in classes with bilingual teaching programs for an internationally used modern language.

Post-secondary education is organized for professional qualifications established by the Ministry of National Education in accordance with the National Register of Qualifications.

Graduates of high school with or without a baccalaureate diploma may enroll in post-secondary education, admission being carried out in accordance with the general criteria established by the Ministry of National Education.

Post-secondary education is carried out through the post-secondary school and the foremen's school. Both the post-secondary school and the foremen's school represent specialized training routes, with a duration of 1–3 years, depending on the complexity of the qualification.

Graduates of post-secondary education who pass the professional qualification certification exam obtain a level 5 qualification certificate according to the National Qualifications Framework, corresponding to reference level 5 of the European Qualifications Framework (specialist technician) and the descriptive supplement of the certificate, according to Europass.

Post-secondary education is organized in post-secondary schools, within high schools with legal personality, or in colleges within accredited higher education institutions.

Schooling in state post-secondary education is financed through the local budgets of the administrative-territorial units, from the amounts allocated from state budget revenues and from local budget revenues. Schooling may also be financed by applicants, natural or legal persons, through a contract concluded with the educational unit providing the schooling.

Credits for education and professional training obtained in post-secondary education may be recognized for graduates with a baccalaureate diploma by universities, based on decisions of the university senate, as transferable study credit units for the bachelor's level.

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